Traditional Agriculture in Southeast Asia: A Human Ecology Perspective

Author: Gerald G. Marten
Publisher: Westview Press (Boulder, Colorado)
Publication Date: June 1986, 358 pp.
ISBN-10: 0813370264
ISBN-13: 978-0813370262

Table of Contents

1. Preface, Acknowledgments, Introduction

1. Agriculture in Southeast Asia - Ana Doris Capistrano and Gerald G. Marten - download .pdf (1.15mb)
   • Rice based Agriculture
   • Shifting Cultivation
   • Homegardens
   • Commercial Field Crops
   • Perennial Agroecosystems
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
2. The Human Ecology Perspective - Gerald G. Marten and Daniel M. Saltman - download .pdf (2.7mb)
   • Agroecosystem Structure
   • Elements of Agroecosystem Function
   • Traditional Agroecosystems and Natural Ecosystems
   • The Special Role of Mixed Cropping
   • Social System Impacts on Agroecosystems
   • Agroecosystem Impacts on Social Systems
   • Impact of Agroecosystem Function on the Natural Resource Base
   • References
3. The Bontok: Traditional Wet Rice and Swidden Cultivators of the Philippines - June Prill-Brett - download .pdf (2.73mb)
   • Land Classification
   • Traditional Rice Crop
   • Wet Season Cropping in Rice Paddies
   • Swidden Agriculture
   • Soil Conservation
   • Social Control of Land and Water Resources
   • The Role of Ritual
   • Impact of the Outer World
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
4. Traditional Agriculture in Northern Thailand - Katin Srimongkol and Gerald G. Marten - download .pdf (1.28mb)
   • The Highland Area
   • The Lowland Area
   • Farmers' Practices That Merit Further Study
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
5. Rainfed Cropping Systems in Northeast Thailand - Anan Polthanee and Gerald G. Marten - download .pdf (2.36mb)
   • Existing Cropping Patterns
   • Farmers' Decision Making
   • Existing Cultivation Practices
   • Experiences Testing New Cropping Systems
   • Conclusions
   • Topics for Agroecosystem Research
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
6. Traditional Agroforestry in West Java: The Pekarangan (Homegarden) and Kebun Talun (Annual Perennial Rotation) Cropping Systems - Linda Christanty, Oekan S. Abdoellah, Gerald G. Marten, and Johan Iskandar - download .pdf (2.2mb)
   • The Role of Kebun Talun and Homegardens in the Javanese Landscape
   • Cropping Structure
   • Labor Input
   • Food and Income Production
   • Conservation Function
   • Strategies for the Future
   • Contents
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
7. Socioeconomic Factors and Small Scale Farmers in Southeast Asia - Damrong Thandee - download .pdf (1mb)
   • Subsistence vs. Market Oriented Farming
   • Cultural and Social Factors
   • Patterns of Land Tenure
   • Technology Transfer
   • Public Policy
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
8. Social Organization and Traditional Agroecosystems - Joseph A. Weinstock - download .pdf (1.4mb)
   • Social Organization and the Environment
   • Elements of Social Organization and Their Relations to Agroecosystems
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
9. Ethnoecology: An Approach to Understanding Traditional Agricultural Knowledge - J. Peter Brosius, George Lovelace, and Gerald G. Marten - download .pdf (1mb)
   • Basic Assumptions of Ethnoecology
   • Examples from Traditional Agricultural Societies
   • Traditional Conceptualizations of the Environment
   • Acknowledgments
   • References
10. Soil Management in Traditional Agriculture - Gerald G. Marten and Patma Vityakon - download .pdf (2.2mb)
    • Traditional Systems of Agricultural Land Classification
    • Mixed Cropping and the Soil
    • Maintaining Soil Fertility
    • Erosion Control
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
11. Shifting Cultivation and Tropical Soils: Patterns, Problems, and Possible Improvements - Linda Christanty - download .pdf (1.39mb)
    • Definitions and Classification
    • Stages of Shifting Cultivation
    • Effects of Shifting Cultivation on Tropical Soils
    • Contemporary Problems and Possible Improvements
    • References
12. The Ecology of Traditional Pest Management in Southeast Asia - Becky Brown and Gerald G. Marten - download .pdf (2.7mb)
    • Pest Problems in Traditional Agriculture
    • Traditional Pest Management Technology
    • The Role of Mixed Cropping
    • The Pesticide Dilemma
    • Conclusions
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
13. Trees in Paddy Fields in Northeast Thailand - Somluckrat Grandstaff, Terry B. Grandstaff, Pagarat Rathakette, David E. Thomas, and Jureerat K. Thomas - download .pdf (1.77mb)
    • Rapid Rural Appraisal
    • Why Are There Trees?
    • Progression of Trees in Paddy Fields
    • Uses of Trees
    • Paddy Fields as Multiresource Systems
    • Acknowledgments
    • Appendix: An Example of Probing
    • References
14. The Complementary Roles of Homegardens, Upland Fields, and Rice Fields for Meeting Nutritional Needs in West Java - Oekan S. Abdoellah and Gerald G. Marten - download .pdf (2.17mb)
    • Research Methods
    • Identification of Critical Nutrients
    • Nutrient Production
    • Impact of Market Involvement
    • Mixed Cropping Species Composition
    • Optimal Crop Mixes
    • Implications for Development
    • Acknowledgments
    • Appendix: Plants Observed in Homegardens and Agricultural Fields Surveyed in Jatigede Area, West Java
    • References
15. Traditional Agriculture and Agricultural Research in Southeast Asia - Gerald G. Marten - download .pdf (2.35mb)
    • Recent Trends in Agricultural Development
    • A Role for Traditional Agriculture
    • Natural Ecosystems as Models
    • Farmer Scientist Collaboration
    • Acknowledgments
    • Appendix: Examples of Agricultural Policy Options
    • Reference

 

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